There are four recognized species of gorillas, each with distinct characteristics. These are:
1. **Western Gorilla (Gorilla gorilla):** This species is further divided into two subspecies:
- Western Lowland Gorilla (Gorilla gorilla gorilla)
- Cross River Gorilla (Gorilla gorilla diehli)
2. **Eastern Gorilla (Gorilla beringei):** This species is also divided into two subspecies:
- Mountain Gorilla (Gorilla beringei beringei)
- Eastern Lowland Gorilla (Gorilla beringei graueri)
These gorilla species and subspecies are primarily distinguished by geographic range, habitat, and some physical characteristics. Conservation efforts are underway to protect these magnificent primates, as they face threats such as habitat loss and poaching.