The artistic technique that gives the illusion of a 3D space is known as perspective drawing. This technique is achieved by using mathematical principles to create the illusion of depth and distance on a two-dimensional surface. Perspective drawing involves creating a vanishing point on the horizon line, which all lines within the composition converge towards, making objects appear smaller as they recede into the distance. This technique has been used by artists for centuries, from Renaissance painters to contemporary graphic artists, to create realistic and convincing images of three-dimensional space on a flat surface.