The Internet of Things (IoT) connects devices in smart homes through a combination of wireless communication protocols, sensors, and internet connectivity. Devices such as thermostats, lights, security systems, and appliances are equipped with sensors and connected to a central hub or a cloud-based platform. This allows them to collect and exchange data, receive instructions, and be controlled remotely via smartphones or voice assistants. For example, a smart thermostat can adjust the temperature based on occupancy data, while smart lights can be controlled through mobile apps or automated schedules. IoT enables seamless integration and automation, enhancing convenience, energy efficiency, and overall home management.